The “Bureaucratic Politics Model,” suggest that competition and bargaining are resulted by decision outputs that are not based on rational consideration. In this model, bureaucratic units have divergent perspectives on political issues (Sens 2005). There is a “pulling and hauling” between these agencies as the state or entity makes decisions. The bureaucratic units are always actioning the decision-making process. Within a bureaucracy people have the ability to work in teams. Working in groups allows people to work together however, according to “group think” such individuals are influenced by one another and when the majority of these individuals concur on a specific matter be it correct or not, the individual that does not agree gets “ostracized or isolated from the group” (Sens 2005). Despite this however, working in teams also has a benefit. When individual work is compared to group work, there is a higher probability that the work constructed by a group is superior because of the various perspectives involved in the social creation of the works in question. Henceforth it is important to understand that when working in groups that each individual should have a check and balance such to promote decision making that is accurate. As it pertains to social construction, and bureaucracy, constructivism says that within the bureaucracy there is a foundation of knowledge. Anything socially constructed within the bureaucracy is resulted from imagery that have “origins in formative experiences, cultures, educations, language, and political perspectives” (Sens 2005). The meaning of the bureaucracy is obtained through a structure of shared knowledge, such as a public forum. The bureaucracy itself is dependent on the views of those whomsoever are employed within it not on the existence of the objective world and those whomsoever are engaged in relations within the bureaucracy are in those relations because it were socially constructed by the founder. A bureaucracy sees its organization as a “project under construction” as becoming rather than being (Sens 2005). Bounded rationality says that decision making is not always done in the ideal conditions. Henceforth, circumstance, situations and scenarios affect the decision-making process. According to Akers, individual decision making is worked into the rational choice theory via what is referred to as thoughtfully reflective decision making. In this process, it refers to the individuals, tendency to collect information pertaining to the issue at hand so that he or she can “make, think deliberately, carefully, and thoughtfully, about possible solutions to the problem, apply reason to the … alternatives reflect on the process and the outcomes to [determine] what went right … and wrong” (2013). In bureaucracy however, especially within Erations Conglomerate, the policy process involves the implementation of the “Rational Actor Model,” which means that the decision maker, “recognizes and identifies a problem, establishes objectives and aims, establishes options and selects an option”. Decision making involves several conceptual models by which to aid the decision maker in the process of coming to an action. These include the following according to Sens, “worst case analysis (considers the hostility of others), mirror imaging (considering that the opposition is going to behave or act in the same way when given a similar problem”, wishful thinking (an overestimation based on individual wants), historical analogy (using the past as a method to guide policy), affective bias (predispositions affect decision making), grooved thinking (categorizing of information), uncommitted thinking (no opinion on certain issues), committed thinking (strong commitment to beliefs or values)”(2005).
As it pertains to bureaucracy, its multilayered system and processes are affected by public opinion and interest groups which play a major role in influence. Specifically, they enact lobbying and public awareness campaigns. Both involve “market intelligence” collected through research via the task of “market segmentation” (Gagnon 2007). Within the bureaucracy of Erations Conglomerate, there are system functions were communication takes place specifically to collect feedback from the domestic environment to create inputs resulting in policy function of advocacy. The company uses multimedia to create propaganda which could increase public awareness on issues that the company finds pressing. When public awareness is achieved, Petitions are prepared which henceforth commences the advocacy process. Erations Conglomerate has used embargoes to prevent the oppositions via the security dilemma, from having the intel of the company workings and its agenda. It functions these via an “expected utility principle” where the activity, in this case the propaganda in the form of multimedia maximizes the public awareness serving as a benefit to the Petition process which then results in policy advocacy and then lobbying thereafter (Akers 2013). The conglomerate aims to have an absolute advantage as it attempts to manage its functions which may cause prevailing views and intense scrutiny from the opposition who may offer a comparative advantage. Bureaucracy that operate on a multinational level are tasked with interaction with intergovernmental organizations and nongovernmental organizations. International Relations considers the above noted decision making process to advocate matters that may concern foreign states. Such is the case in the Netherlands when in most recent history, as the Christian Party attempted to reduce the rights of sex workers essentially attempting to making it illegal. With concern to this matter, Erations Conglomerate sees that such “sex workers” can benefit individuals via a therapeutic effect obtained during the act of sex reinforcing what had been done in the 1990’s. The company essentially produces a policy brief on that matter to promote the vision of the company and its values, beliefs and morals. Essentially bureaucracy creates within the microenvironment a culture which the company aims to penetrate and proliferate it within the macro enviornment- community and then to the state and then through foreign states. Henceforth, as it pertains to bureaucracy and culture, International Relations is a matter where the company is considerate of intergovernmental organizations and non-governmental organizations as “pulling and hauling” occurs through the process of competition and bargaining resulted by decision outputs. Erations Conglomerate through its literary works aims to provide reason and justifications for the proliferation of its culture and the aforementioned have the ability to influence the process. Intergovernmental organization such as the UN have established human rights standards and environmental standards in a bid to establish world peace. They also serve as a method of practicality where states saw interdependence as a means by which unexpected events can be reduced and new lines of communication can be achieved. Other intergovernmental organizations include the EU, ASEAN and BRICS. These organizations serve as a means by which advisory opinion can be attained specifically for the direction of the company and its bureaucracy. The further interest in these organizations is cooperation and as Erations Conglomerate is to operate in a multinational way and in a transparent way, anticipatory compliance is avoided, with various SBU’s catered towards certain states. For example, it’s prospective Head Office is in Ireland Dublin. And a prospective Records Office is being considered in the Netherlands. These are henceforth both not in the origin country. The company currently operates on a “flat basis” meaning that through bureaucracy, it expects to grow. As it pertains to nongovernmental organizations the interest in Erations Conglomerate is human rights and corporation lobbying groups. The SBU’s of Erations Conglomerate have individual values and mission whereby it addresses certain issues which may align with nongovernmental organizations objectives and agendas. Henceforth International Relations as it pertains to the bureaucracy of Erations Conglomerate plays an important role for the growth and development in the company in the future.
With International Relations theory explained as it pertains to bureaucracy, it is important to move on to the next subject matter. International security as it pertains to the discipline of International Relations means that the state is free from threats or dangers. Erations Conglomerate has a history wherein security issues prompted self-determination. It erected its right to govern itself via documentations sent to the public forums of the Municipality of Surrey, Municipality of Vancouver and the Supreme Court of Canada wherein their inaction to represent the rights and freedoms of the founder compeled the founder to take the liberty of creating the company. The company is aware of potential threats and risks and employs “private investigation” in which field studies are preceded by it for the determination of information collected via interest articulation and aggregation to the determination of facts, evidence and supporting evidence regarding phenomena involving the company. Erations Conglomerate, through its bureaucracy is concerned with the UNDP Human Security initiatives as it operates with a multinational perspective. It has a section of the company for charitable causes in which funds are donated to eligible candidates so they can socially mobilize. These funds are dispersed when Learning Activities are completed by the candidate and approved by the tribunal of the company. Through an SBU of the company, the policy process is actioned, which concerns regional security studies. As for group security, the bureaucracy aims to increase cohesion within the culture of the company through the socialization of shared beliefs, values and morals. With concern of environmental security, the company has initiatives to recycle used electronics and resells them in a bid to protect the environment in a sustainable way. Currently Erations Conglomerate operates as a company that manages escalation and spillover of negative perception which prevent alliances from being formed. It uses its structure to promote notoriety, good will and good faith (Yates 2017) so that those interested can determine the feasibility and viability of forming a bloc alliance in a bid to hopefully attain international security. With these mentioned, as it pertains to bureaucracy, accountability on these matters is established. Through the bureaucracy of Erations Conglomerate authority is separated to various SBU’s and tasks are delegated in a way that there is a check and balance for decision making. It operates per a hierarchy which is transparent. In the bureaucracy, the pooling of agency occurs by promoting propaganda so that a support base can be gained for political purposes and international security reasons.
As it pertains to the national political economy, Erations Conglomerate through its bureaucracy has created a possible “legal monopoly.” Through the creation of policy via an SBU of the company, it has essentially used regional security studies to potentially affect the government. These briefs can be turned into amicus briefs to advocate the lobbying of the government for bills, acts and statutes which affect the capitalist economy of the country. The company has intellectual property and it actions these through its bureaucracy and SBU in the hopes to affect globalization. It is expected that homogenization is to occur when countries transcend their national borders, henceforth, the bureaucracy of Erations Conglomerate aims to act on this by socializing and communicating its vision, values and mission to the international market in a bid for marketization. Although currently a legal private company, its aim to become a multinational corporation is vested in the interest of the education of the founder as its currently operating on a flat basis.
Bureaucracy is very important for international organization. The bureaucracy of the company is vested in its values. These values are spread throughout the SBU's of the company. Ethics is a main concern in international organization. Intergovernmental organizations and non-governmental organizations advocate for the use of ethics. The main concern of the bureaucracy is human rights and various SBU’s of the company serve to protect the freedoms and rights of citizens in which the SBU’s of the company are vested in. Human rights is a tension that is a constant issue of contention on the global scale. The company was erected as a result of marginalization and as a reason to act on it and to pool agency so that a pushback can occur. Henceforth, the company is actioned through self defense mechanisms by which it was a last resort measure as alternatives were explored. This resulted in self determination by which the company developed a bureaucracy to provide checks and balances in a bid for equity. The separation of powers within Erations Conglomerate are enacted through Montesquieu theory. Each SBU has its own function and outcome. It can be argued that the bureaucracy may cause bloating or inefficiency and may take an extended duration for task completion however, accountability is a value that far outweighs these as the company and its bureaucracy aims to develop notoriety, good will and good faith (Yates 2017) henceforth through the separation of powers a segmentation of tasks occurs.
With the above, it becomes clear that Erations Conglomerate and it bureaucracy as it pertains to International Relations prioritize the value of accountability. With this social justice is served. And lastly, it is possible that successors could be in the government which then the company operating with a government advocacy function through various SBU could encourage employees to vote with incentives for things such as increased salaries based on the results.
WORK CITED
Akers,
R., et al. (2013). Criminological Theories. New York, USA. Oxford University Press.
Gagon,
A. et al. (2017. Canadian Parties in Transition. Ontario, Canada. University of Toronto Press.
Sens, et al.
(2005). Global Politics. Ontario, Canada. Thomson Nelson.
Yates,
R., et al. (2017). Business Law in Canada. Ontario, Canada. Pearson.
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